phenotypic selection
Kingsolver JG & Diamond SE 2011 Phenotypic selection in natural populations: what limits directional selection? Am Nat 177:346-357.
- analyses of quadratic selection gradients indicated stabilizing selection on body size in at least some studies but provided little evidence that stabilizing selection is more common than disruptive selection
- our analyses provide little evidence that fitness trade-offs, correlated selection, or stabilizing selection strongly constrains the directional selection reported for most quantitative traits
- why is directional selection on quantitative traits apparently so common and stabilizing selection apparently uncommon ...?
- lack of genetic variation might prevent evolutionary responses to selection
- there may be trade-offs among different components of fitness
- phenotypic and genetic correlations between traits may cause indirect, correlated selection
- direct selection on a trait may be balanced by opposing indirect selection on a correlated trait
- directional selection on a trait may alternate in direction in time or space, reducing the cumulative effects of selection
- stabilizing selection may indeed be stronger or more common than previously reported
