conditional neutrality

Leinonen PH, Remington DL, Leppälä J & Savolainen O 2012 Genetic basis of local adaptation and flowering time variation in Arabidopsis lyrata. Mol Ecol, in press.
doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05678.x

• an allele yielding higher fitness in one environment causes a fitness decrease in another environment, resulting in fitness trade-offs
• evidence for single-locus trade-offs in plants has only rarely been documented
• in studies reported to date, local adaptation is mostly governed by conditionally neutral loci that do not have fitness effects in all environments
• the genetic basis of local adaptation is also often tightly connected to flowering time